Beneish M-Score Model merupakan metode pendeteksian fraud yang dirumuskan berdasarkan pengujian data keseluruhan dari Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs) yang diterbitkan oleh SEC selama periode 1982 hingga 1992. Dalam melakukan deteksi fraud, indikasi yang digunakan adalah nilai -2.22. Jika hasil M-Score menghasilkan skor lebih besar dari -2.22, maka perusahaan terindikasi melakukan fraud (Aghghaleh et al., 2016).

Adapun rumus Beneish M-Score diformulasikan sebagai berikut:

M-Score = -4.84 + (0.92 × DSRI) + (0.528 × GMI) + (0.404 × AQI) + (0.892 × SGI) + (0.115 × DEPI) + (-0.172 × SGAI) + (4.679 × TATA) + (-0.327 × LVGI)

Dimana:

Ratio or Index

Ratio Formula
Day sales in receivable index (DSRI) (Account Receivablest / Salest) / (Account Receivablest-1 / Salest-1)
Gross margin index (GMI) [(Salest-1 – Cost of Goods Soldt-1) / Salest-1] / [(Salest – Cost of Goods Soldt) / Salest])
Asset quality index (AQI) [1 – (Current Assetst + Net Fixed Assetst) / Total Assetst] / [1 – (Current Assetst-1 + Net Fixed Assetst-1) / Total Assetst-1)]
Sales growth index (SGI) (Salest / Salest-1)
Depreciation index (DEPI) [Depreciation Expenset-1 / (Depreciation Expenset-1 + Net PPEt-1)] / [Depreciation Expenset / (Depreciation Expenset + Net PPEt)]
Sales, general and administrative expenses index (SGAI) (Sales, General and Administrative Expensest / Salest) / (Sales, General and Administrative Expensest-1 / Salest-1)
Leverage index (LVGI) [(Long Term Debtt + Current Liabilitiest) / Total Assetst] / [(Long Term Debtt-1 + Current Liabilitiest-1) / Total Assetst-1]
Total accruals to total assets (TATA) ([Working Capitalt – Working Capitalt-1]

– [Casht – Casht-1] + [Income Tax Payablet – Income Tax Payablet-1] + [Current Maturities of Long Term Debtt – Current Maturities of Long Term Debtt-1] – Depreciation Expenset) / (Total Assetst)

Beneish M-Score Model sendiri bisa digunakan terutama bagi perusahaan yang tercatat di bursa saham (Özcan, 2018).

Sumber:

  • Aghghaleh, S. F., Mohamed, Z. M., & Rahmat, M. M. (2016). Detecting Financial Statement Frauds in Malaysia: Comparing the Abilities of Beneish and Dechow Models. Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 7(November), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.17576/ajag-2016-07-05
  • Özcan, A. (2018). The Use of Beneish Model in Forensic Accounting Accunting: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research, 8(1), 57–67.

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